tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-83263017132676771532023-06-20T06:20:11.432-07:00Accessibility Resources & Service / University of North Carolina-Chapel HillAccessibility Resources & Service @ UNC-CHhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11470261854237258551noreply@blogger.comBlogger1125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8326301713267677153.post-41274158798800705622015-05-31T15:54:00.006-07:002015-05-31T15:54:47.586-07:00<h2>
<b><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Taking Multiple Choice Tests
/ Exams</span></span></b></h2>
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<b><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Studying for a
multiple choice test or exam requires a special method of preparation
distinctly different from an essay exam. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Multiple choice exams
ask a student to recognize a correct answer among a set of options that
typically include 3 or 4 wrong answers (called distracters), rather than asking the student to produce a
correct answer entirely from his/her own mind.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">For many reasons, <b>students
often consider multiple choice exams easier than essay exams</b>. Perhaps
the most obvious reasons are that:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The correct answer is guaranteed to be among the
possible responses. A student can score points with a lucky guess.<o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Many multiple choice exams
tend to emphasize basic definitions or simple comparisons, rather than
asking students to analyze new information or apply theories to new
situations.<o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Because multiple choice
exams usually contain many more questions than essay exams, each question
has a lower point value and thus offers less risk.<o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
</ul>
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<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Despite these
factors, however, <b>multiple choice exams can actually be very difficult
and are in this course</b>.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><b>Consider that:</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Because multiple choice
exams contain many questions, they force students to be familiar with a
much broader range of material than essay exams do.<o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Multiple choice exams also
usually expect students to have a greater familiarity with details such as
specific dates, names, or vocabulary than most essay exams do. Students
cannot easily "bluff" on a multiple choice exam.<o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Finally, because it is much
more difficult for a teacher to write good multiple choice questions than
to design essay questions, students often face higher risks due to
unintended ambiguity.<o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
</ul>
<h3>
<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><b>To prepare for a
multiple choice exam, consider the following steps:</b></span></span></h3>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Begin
studying early</span></b><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><br />
Multiple choice exams tend to
focus on details, and you cannot retain many details effectively in
short-term memory. If you learn a little bit each day and allow plenty of
time for repeated reviews, you will build a much more reliable long-term
memory.<o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
</ul>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Make sure that you <b>thoroughly
understand everything that your instructor emphasized in class</b>.<br />
Pay particular attention to
fundamental terms and concepts that describe important events or features,
or that tie related ideas and observations together. These are the items
that most commonly appear on multiple choice exams.<o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
</ul>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">As you study your class
notes and your assigned readings, <b>make lists and tables</b> and
use <b>visual / graphical
representations </b>to represent what you have learned.<br />
Concentrate on understanding
multi-step processes, and on ideas, events, or objects that form natural
sequences or groupings. Look for similarities and differences that might
be used to distinguish correct choices from distracters on an exam.<o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
</ul>
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<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">If your class texts highlight new
vocabulary or key definitions, be sure that you understand them. Sometimes new
words and concepts are collected at the end of a chapter. Check to be sure that
you have not left any out by mistake.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;">Do not simply memorize the book's definitions. Most instructors will
rephrase things in their own words as they write exam questions, so you must be
sure that you really know what the definitions mean.</span><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Brainstorm possible
questions with several other students who are also taking the course.<o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Practice using sample
questions, seek out study guides and previous exams.<o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
</ul>
<h3>
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt;">Answering Multiple
Choice Questions:-</span></b></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;">
There are many strategies for maximizing your success on multiple choice exams.
The best way to improve your chances, of course, is to study carefully before
the exam. There is no good substitute for knowing the right answer. Even a
well-prepared student can make silly mistakes on a multiple choice exam, or can
fall prey to distracters that look very similar to the correct answer. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Here are a few <b>tips
to help reduce this possibility</b>:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Before you begin taking the
exam, enter all pieces of required information on your answer sheet<o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">If you are so eager to start that you forget
to enter your name and PID, your results may never be scored. Remember: your
instructor will not be able to identify you by handwriting or similar text
clues.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Always cover up the possible
responses with a piece of paper or with your hand while you read the stem, or body of the question.<o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;">Try to anticipate the correct response before you
are distracted by seeing the options that your instructor has provided. Then,
uncover the responses.</span><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">If you see the response that
you anticipated, circle it and then check to be sure that none of the
other responses is better. <o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">If you do not see a response
that you expected, then consider some of the following strategies to
eliminate responses that are probably wrong.<o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
</ul>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;">None of these strategies is infallible. A smart instructor will avoid
writing questions for which these strategies work, but you can always hope for
a lapse of attention.</span><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo10; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;">1.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 16pt;">Responses that use
absolute words, such as "always" or "never" are less likely
to be correct than ones that use conditional words like "usually" or
"probably."<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo10; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;">2.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 16pt;">"Funny"
responses are usually wrong.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo10; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;">3.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 16pt;">"All of the
above" is often a correct response. If you can verify that more than one
of the other responses is probably correct, then choose "all of the
above."<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo10; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;">4.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 16pt;">"None of the
above" is usually an incorrect response, but this is less reliable than
the "all of the above" rule. Be very careful not to be trapped by
double negatives.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo10; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;">5.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 16pt;">Look for grammatical
clues. If the stem ends with the indefinite article "an," for
example, then the correct response probably begins with a vowel.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo10; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;">6.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 16pt;">The longest response may
be the correct one, because the instructor tends to load it with qualifying
adjectives or phrases.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo10; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;">7.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 16pt;">Look for verbal
associations. A response that repeats key words that are in the stem is likely
to be correct.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo10; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;">8.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 16pt;">If all else fails,
choose response (b) or (c). Many instructors subconsciously feel that the
correct answer is "hidden" better if it is surrounded by distracters.
Response (a) is usually least likely to be the correct one.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;">If you cannot answer a question within a minute or
less, skip it and plan to come back later. Transfer all responses to the answer
sheet at the same time, once you have marked all questions on your exam. (If
you try to do several things at once, you increase the probability of making a
mistake. Saving the relatively mindless job of filling in bubbles until the
last step reduces the probability of making silly errors.)</span><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Be sure that you have filled
the appropriate bubbles carefully <b>IN PENCIL</b>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;">Your instructor will probably never take a close
look at your answer sheet, so if you fail to fill in bubbles completely or if
you make stray marks, only the computer will notice, and you will be penalized.
Erase any accidental marks completely.</span><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Take the time to check your
work before you hand in the answer sheet.<o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;">Unlike an essay exam, on which you may later appeal
a grade on the grounds that the instructor misunderstood your response, a
multiple choice exam offers you no opportunity for "partial credit."
If you filled the wrong bubble, your answer is 100% wrong.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt;">
</div>
<h4>
<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><b>An example from a Human Geography class test:-</b></span></span></h4>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">
<b>Question:</b> On a world scale, livestock perform many functions.
Identify the least important one.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
A) draft power <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">B)
milk and meat <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">C)
manure <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">D)
personal status <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">E)
building materials<b><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--></b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt;">Answers
A), B), and C) are obviously correct</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt;">. You have reduced the five possible
answers to two: D) or E). Even without knowing the correct answer, you can pick
the correct answer. If livestock provide three -- A), B), and C -- important
things, then <b>livestock must also give the owners of livestock personal
status (D)</b>. Now you are left with building materials (E) -- stuff used to
construct shelter -- a rather limited use of livestock, given that trees, mud,
and stones are far more effective ways of building shelter. <b>The least
important use of livestock is, therefore, building materials (E)! </b>Congratulations,
you have thought through the correct answer.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
<h4 style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">An example from Cultural Landscapes class test:-</span></span></b></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><br /><b>
Question: </b>Institutions have geographical manifestations, which include all
but one of the following:</span><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A)
location <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">B)
ecological <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">C)
material structures <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">D)
spatial patterns <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt;">
<span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">E)
social hierarchy.<b><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--></b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt;">Answers A) and D) are
obviously correct</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt;">. Material structures (C) are buildings, in
contrast to non-material structures, such as "the law" or "the
family," -- which means then that <b>E) social hierarchy can't be
correct</b>. Furthermore, cultural landscapes include buildings and all
structures, e.g., walls, fences, billboards, freeways. C) is, then, also correct.
Places also include environmental elements of topography, climate, and
vegetation. So, B) is also correct. Congratulations, you have thought through
the correct answer.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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